Most import, this post is showing you the basics about math symbols in Latex.

This what wikipedia said about Latex:

One of the greatest motivating forces for Donald Knuth when he began developing the original TeX system was to create something that allowed simple construction of mathematical formulas, while looking professional when printed.

Here are some symbols I typed during the learning.

Greek Letters

Symbol	Script
$$\alpha$$	\alpha
$$ $$	A
$$ $$	\beta
$$ $$	B
$$ $$	\gammma
$$ $$	\Gamma
$$ $$	\pi
$$ $$	\Pi
$$ $$	\phi
$$ $$	\Phi
$$ $$	\varphi
$$ $$	\theta

Operators

Symbol	Script
$$ $$	\cos
$$ $$	\sin
$$ $$	\lim
$$ $$	\exp
$$ $$	\to
$$ $$	\infty
$$ $$	\equiv
$$ $$	\bmod
$$ $$	\times

Power and Indices

Symbol	Script
$$ $$	k_{n+1}
$$ $$	n^2
$$ $$	k_n^2

Fractions and Binomials

Symbol	Script
$$ $$	\frac{n!}{k!(n-k)!}
$$ $$	\binom{n}{k}
$$ $$	\frac{\frac{x}{1}}{x – y}
$$ $$	^3/_7

Roots

Symbol	Script
$$ $$	\sqrt{k}
$$ $$	\sqrt[n]{k}

Sums and Integrals

Symbol	Script
$$ $$	\sum_{i=1}^{10} t_i
$$ $$	\int_0^\infty \mathrm{e}^{-x},\mathrm{d}x
$$ $$	\sum
$$ $$	\prod
$$ $$	\coprod
$$ $$	\bigoplus
$$ $$	\bigotimes
$$ $$	\bigodot
$$ $$	\bigcup
$$ $$	\bigcap
$$ $$	\biguplus
$$ $$	\bigsqcup
$$ $$	\bigvee
$$ $$	\bigwedge
$$ $$	\int
$$ $$	\oint
$$ $$	\iint
$$ $$	\iiint
$$ $$	\idotsint
$$ $$	\sum_{\substack{0<i<m\0<j<n}} P(i, j)
$$ $$	\int\limits_a^b

Symbol	Script
$$ $$	a` a^{\prime}
$$ $$	a’’
$$ $$	hat{a}
$$ $$	\bar{a}
$$ $$	\grave{a}
$$ $$	\acute{a}
$\dot{a}	\dot{a}
$$ $$	\ddot{a}
$$ $$	\not{a}
$$ $$	\mathring{a}
$$ $$	\overrightarrow{AB}
$$ $$	\overleftarrow{AB}
$$ $$	a’’’
$$ $$	\overline{aaa}
$$ $$	\check{a}
$$ $$	\vec{a}
$$ $$	\underline{a}
$$ $$	\color{red}x
$$ $$	\pm
$$ $$	\mp
$$ $$	\int y \mathrm{d}x
$$ $$	,
$$ $$	:
$$ $$	;
$$ $$	!
$$ $$	\int y, \mathrm{d}x
$$ $$	\dots
$$ $$	\ldots
$$ $$	\cdots
$$ $$	\vdots
$$ $$	\ddots

Brackets etc

Symbol	Script
$$ $$	(a)
$$ $$	[a]
$$ $$	{a}
$$ $$	\langle f \rangle
$$ $$	\lfloor f \rfloor
$$ $$	\lceil f \rceil
$$ $$	\ulcorner f \urcorner